Will Norris » bash

git: Duplicate Signed-off-by lines

Will Norris — Sat, 14 Feb 2009 23:05:25 +0000

I’ve been playing around with git a lot as an alternative to subversion and am really loving it. However, I’m getting an error every time I try to commit:

Duplicate Signed-off-by lines.

I can see where this is being thrown inside .git/hooks/commit-msg, but it wasn’t immediately obvious what the problem was. I did a quick google search and found that others have had the same problem, but at least some members of the git community have been less than helpful. I did figure out the problem, and figured I’d share it here for others.

The commit-msg script is written using bash style shell expansions,

foo = $(bar)

while the shebang at the top of the file is set to /bin/sh. On many systems, this is not a bash shell. The solution is to simply modify the shebang to wherever bash is on your system (probably /usr/bin/bash or similar).

bash one-liners

Will Norris — Wed, 30 Mar 2005 04:52:55 +0000

I’ve moved my one-liners to textsnippets.

~/.bashrc

Will Norris — Mon, 14 Mar 2005 14:11:07 +0000

[Edit: 2005-03-14] I discovered I didn’t explain this nearly enough, so I’m going back and providing a little more detail as to how this all works.

It’s taken me a while, but I think I’ve finally got my bashrc files to a setup I’m pretty happy with. I’ve provided it here in hopes that others might find it useful…

The main thing I was trying to accomplish here was to have a single set of files that I could use on all the machines I work on. This becomes more complicated considering what I use… my personal machine is MacOS X, this website is hosted on Linux, and my primary development machine at UofM is SunOS. Additionally, there are certain settings I want on all Visible School machines (regardless of OS or hostname) but no others. Additionally, I like to have a minimalistic terminal prompt, so I use color to know what host I’m connected to. What I ended up with is this ~/.bashrc.

This file is basically a launchpad for all of my other files, so let me explain how this all works line by line…

HOST=`hostname | sed "s/\..*$//"`
DOMAIN=`hostname | sed "s/^[^\.]*//" | sed "s/^\.//"`

First, I need to know the hostname and the domain of the machine I’m presently using. I’ve found the above one-liners to work on every operating system I’ve tested so far.

[ -f /etc/bashrc ] && [ -r /etc/bashrc ] && source /etc/bashrc

If the machine has a system-wide bashrc that is readable, go ahead and execute that. This is where a system administrator may setup PATHs specific to this machine.

[ -f ~/.bash/all ] && [ -r ~/.bash/all ] && source ~/.bash/all

~/.bash/all.pre.login contains things that should be used by all machines… things like my name, default editor, various aliases, etc, as well as a custom function to setup my prompt